This is a ball used by girls to play handball called Temari, or made as an ornamental object for the girls festival Hina-matsuri.
 
Itomari (Threads ball) is a type of ball made by using cotton thread wrapped around a rolled cotton core, and has been developed as a plaything for girls since the Edo period.
 
This one has embroidered flower trees with cotton threads..
 
Measures: 8cm (3in)